47 * THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MUSCLE STRENGTH, BONE DENSITY AND VITAMIN D STATUS IN ELDERLY CANADIAN NURSING HOME RESIDENTS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Residents in nursing homes are known to be at high risk for low Vitamin D levels, falls, decreased mobility and cognitive impairment. This study was done to evaluate Vitamin D status, bone health and muscle function in this vulnerable population. Methods: Subjects were recruited from five nursing home facilities in Edmonton, Canada. Ethics approval and consent was obtained. Chart review and blood work was done. Bone density was assessed using a portable calcaneal ultrasound device (Hologic Sahara). Muscle strength and function were assessed using grip strength, free weights, and assessment of balance. Results: 100 subjects (29 men, 71 women), average age of 81years (59–93). A third had a history of fracture, 42% had a diagnosis of osteoporosis, 70% had a history of falls and 15% had had a DXA bone density at some time. Only 21% were on antiresorptive therapy (alendronate). 33% were on Vitamin D supplementation at various dosages (400–2000IU). Vitamin D levels ranged from 13-243 nmol/l. For the total group, using the cut off of 75nmol/l, 57% of subjects were Vitamin D insufficient. However, there was no statistically significant difference in calcaneal ultrasound parameters in the two Vitamin D groups, or association with grip strength or balance. Men had an average Vitamin D level of 65nmol/l compared to 79nmol/l in women, likely due to a difference in rates of Vitamin D supplementation (48% versus 69%). Nonetheless, men still had a higher average grip strength than women. Conclusions: This study confirms the high level of Vitamin D insufficiency (57%) in this population group. Lack of correlation between 25(OH)D levels and calcaneal BMD and muscle strength, highlights the multifactorial nature of bone and muscle weakness. Men had lower 25(OH)D levels, and lower levels of supplementation (48% vs 69% in women) highlighting a care gap for men in nursing homes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".