Black Barley as a Means of Mitigating Deoxynivalenol Contamination
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive disease of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) in many countries. The disease can result in mycotoxin contamination such as deoxynivalenol (DON) in the grain. The objective of this study was to determine if black barley is more resistant to DON accumulation than yellow barley as the former contains a high level of phenolic compounds. In one experiment, 100 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were derived from each of the two barley crosses: AC Klinck/CH9403‐2 and AC Legend/CH9403‐2 with half of them being black and the other half yellow. These lines along with their parents were evaluated for resistance to DON accumulation under natural infection conditions at Harrington (Prince Edward Island) for 3 yr (2005–2007). They were also evaluated for resistance to FHB incidence and DON accumulation under artificial inoculation conditions at Ottawa (Ontario) in 2005 and 2006 and at Hangzhou (China) in 2005–2006. Black RILs on average contained 17 to 59% less DON than yellow RILs under natural conditions in both crosses in two tests. Black RILs had 2 to 20% lower FHB incidence than yellow RILs in both crosses in two tests and contained 16 to 18% less DON in one test. In another experiment, 26 hulless accessions were evaluated at Ottawa in 2011 and 2012. Black accessions on average contained 53% less DON than the yellow accessions in 2012 and they contained 46% less DON when the DON data were combined over 2 yr. In conclusion, black barley can be used as a means of mitigating DON contamination.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".