Reimagining the Geography of the Favelas: Pacification, Tourism, and Transformation in Complexo Do Alemão, Rio de Janeiro
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article examines the recent intersection of two forces, at times complementary and at times competing: pacification and favela tourism in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Rio's favelas have long been considered archetypal neighborhoods of poverty and crime. The city's new “pacification” project involves military and police occupation of targeted communities, to control drug cartel-related violence. Complexo do Alemão is a large cluster of 15 favelas in Rio's North Zone with a particularly violent history, officially “pacified” since 2010. Together, tourism and pacification are transforming Alemão at a rapid pace, both materially and discursively. This article involves a comprehensive look at the budding favela tourism industry in Complexo do Alemão, and incorporates results from 2013 field research there, including interviews with residents and guides. Favela tourism in Alemão has seen mixed success, and many companies are struggling; still, it brings unique benefits to the local population, such as protection, accountability, and a means of reclaiming occupied space. In addition, favela tourism is an integral tool to tackling the stigmatization of favela residents as talentless criminals, part of a larger trend that is reshaping the meaning of “favela” in the geographical imagination.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".