Lacustrine Sedimentary Environments in High Arctic Proglacial Bear Lake, Devon Island, Nunavut, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Combined catchment, subbottom acoustic, and sedimentary studies of high arctic, proglacial Bear Lake, Devon Island, were carried out to evaluate the role lacustrine processes and Holocene catchment evolution have had on the sedimentary record. In the proximal basin, bottom deposits up to 60 m thick are generated in part by turbid underflows associated with peak meltwater flow from the Devon Island Ice Cap. These underflows produce rhythmically laminated structures that are likely varves. In shallower locations, accumulation is slower and results from homopycnal distribution of fine suspended sediment throughout the proximal basin, resulting in a simple varve couplet. The distal basin is isolated from glacial meltwater by a shallow sill, although some fine-grained detrital carbonate transported by the glacial meltwater is deposited in both basins. In most locations in the distal basin Holocene sediments are less than 10 m thick. They are composed primarily of massive clay and some carbonate interrupted by irregular graded carbonate units produced by sporadic heavy summer rainfall and sediment transport from small plateau tributaries. Eolian sedimentation is also important throughout the lake, especially when high accumulations melt through the ice in the proximal basin, producing isolated grains and layers of coarse sand in the sedimentary record. Holocene ice margin changes have influenced the sedimentary record substantially, particularly during the mid-Holocene when the ice cap is inferred to have retreated from the catchment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.050 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".