Cerebral blood flow velocity in children anaesthetized with desflurane*
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Desflurane allows for rapid emergence and changes in depth of anaesthesia which makes it especially suitable for neuroanaesthesia. This study was designed to determine the effects of different desflurane concentrations on cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) in healthy children. METHODS: Twenty children, aged 1-7 years undergoing urological surgery were studied. Anaesthesia was induced with sevoflurane in oxygen. After tracheal intubation, sevoflurane was discontinued and ventilation with desflurane in air/oxygen was initiated and normoventilation maintained. A caudal block was performed. The patients were randomized to receive three different desflurane concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 MAC). Fifteen minutes were allowed to reach steady-state at which time CBFV was measured by transcranial Doppler sonography. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were simultaneously recorded at 1-min intervals. RESULTS: Cerebral blood flow velocity increased from 0.5 to 1.0 MAC (P < 0.05), but not from 1.0 to 1.5 MAC. HR increased from 0.5 to 1.0 (P < 0.001) and from 1.0 to 1.5 MAC (P < 0.001), whereas the MAP decreased only from 0.5 to 1.0 MAC (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Desflurane in concentrations of 1.0 and 1.5 MAC in children increases CBFV significantly when compared with 0.5 MAC. These changes were associated with a significant increase in HR and decrease in MAP.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".