A Prototype for the First Commercial Pressurized Fuel Cell System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High temperature fuel cell stacks of commercially significant power (>100 kW) have emerged during the last 10 years. Five US programs, two Molten Carbonate and three Solid Oxide were recently awarded feasibility study funding from US Department of Energy (DOE) to define products which could achieve at least 70% efficiency to electricity. The Department of Energy believes that these pressurized fuel cell systems will become an important part of the future power generation soruces. In support of these views, Rolls-Royce has joined fuel cell manufacturers to develop pressurized fuel cell plants which can be marketed successfully to end users. In selecting technology which should be supported, RR-Allison considered the following critical issues: technology with US business focus; technology with potential for near term commercialization; and technology which would lead into second generation fuel cell system development over long term. The Rolls-Royce plan is to join the DOE initiative through the pressurized Molten Carbonate program which has been funded as “Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) Product Design and Improvement.” The paper outlines the functional and commercial issues to be evaluated during the proof of concept tests of the first pressurized MCFC power generation package. The key factors to be evaluated during the test program in current order of priority are: • operational stability • power output and system availability • cost reduction potential • system simplification for commercial power generation application • enhanced reliability • power quality • grid interconnection
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".