Human impact on size, age, and spatial structure in a mixed European larch and Swiss stone pine forest in the Western Italian Alps
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spatiotemporal development and human impact on dynamic processes were investigated in the mixed European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) and Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) subalpine forest of Lago Perso (Piedmont, Italy). We mapped and measured all 295 trees (DBH ≥4 cm) and 914 saplings (>10 cm height, <4 cm DBH) in a permanent plot (1 ha). One core per tree was extracted upslope at 50 cm height, and dendrochronological techniques were applied to reconstruct age structure and growth patterns. All of the data collected were stored in a GIS, and tree and stem crown maps were generated and analysed to quantify spatial patterns. Ripley's K(t) univariate and bivariate point pattern analyses were employed to assess the degree of spatial autocorrelation. Documentary research was conducted to reconstruct human land use. The stand is uneven-aged, and there were no obvious age cohorts or other evidence of major disturbances in the past. Stone pine saplings and trees and larch saplings exhibited a clumped structure. The same clumping was not so evident in larch trees. The observed structural changes are mainly related to human land use and grazing regime. Although human influence is still manifest, in the recent decades natural dynamics have become the predominant influence on the forest's structure and processes.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it