Risk Assessment of Ambient Air Quality by Stochastic-Based Fuzzy Approaches
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A stochastic-based fuzzy risk assessment approach was developed by integrating stochastic simulation, expert involvement, and fuzzy logic within a general framework for systematically examining both the probabilistic and possibilistic uncertainties associated with land cover, environmental guidelines, and health evaluation criteria in an ambient air quality management system. The developed approach was applied to a case study in which sulfur dioxide (SO2) was of interest. Based on the SO2 dispersion modeling results from Monte Carlo simulation, an in-depth fuzzy risk assessment was further employed to quantify the environmental guideline-based risk and health risk due to SO2 inhalation. General risk levels were obtained through fuzzy membership functions and rule bases acquired from a comprehensive questionnaire survey. Scenarios with different air quality guidelines were also analyzed, leading to the variations of risk levels. Results indicated that the developed approach would offer an effective tool for quantifying uncertainties existing in air quality modeling parameters, evaluating their effects in risk levels and providing realistic support to related decision making in air quality management.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".