Carboxymethyl glucosides and carboxymethyl glucoside lactones: A detailed study of their preparation by oxidative degradation of disaccharides
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A detailed study of the access to carboxylmethyl tri- O -acetyl-α- d -glucopyranoside 2- O -lactone from isomaltulose was performed. Side products can arise from incomplete oxidation of isomaltulose by hydrogen peroxide, acidic hydrolysis, or opening of the lactone during the acylation step. Based on these observations, the optimum conditions for the preparation of this interesting synthon, as well as of its benzylated and pivaloylated analogues, was determined. Also, the use of the hydrogenated analogue of isomaltulose, isomalt ® , as the starting material was studied. In this case, during the oxidation step, the catalysis by sodium tungstate proved to be indispensable to form carboxymethyl glucoside, unlike for isomaltulose. Although giving low yields, this reaction is very direct and was performed using cheap and simple procedures from a readily available substrate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".