Effects of Three Pulse Crops on Subsequent Barley, Canola, and Wheat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Diverse crop rotations are an important part of sustainable agricultural systems. Crop sequence can affect rotational benefits. Our objectives were to assess the N dynamics of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.), canola ( Brassica napus L.), faba bean ( Vicia faba L.), lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius L.), and pea ( Pisum sativum L.) crops in the first year (YR1) of a rotation, and quantify the rotational effects of these crops on subsequent yield and protein content of barley, canola, and wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) crops in the second year (YR2) of the rotation. Twenty‐one crop sequences were assessed. In YR1 tannin‐free faba bean, narrow‐leafed lupin, and field pea were grown without N fertilizer and barley and canola were grown with and without N fertilizer. These seven treatments were followed by three subsequent crops; barley, canola, and wheat. Faba bean had the highest potential for N fixation followed by pea and lupin. Nitrogen returned to the soil in aboveground crop residues was similar across pulse species. Faba bean and pea stubble were able to maintain the yield and quality of subsequent barley, canola, and wheat crops without the addition of N fertilizer. Pulse crops can improve the sustainability of the Alberta cropping system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".