50 YEARS AGO IN CORR: Total Excision of Semilunar Cartilages Through a Small Anterior Incision
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The treatment of torn menisci has undergone considerable evolution following recognition of their existence in the last quarter of the 19th century. As with most operations, the introduction of anesthesia and aseptic techniques greatly enhanced the possibilities of surgical treatment. According to Bick,1 meniscectomy became common after both meniscectomy and repair (“meniscopexy”) were attempted in the late 1800s, but the latter failed. Bick1 noted, “Altho this procedure (meniscopexy) has been repeatedly attempted by Mayo Robson, Bennett and others, it was invariably discarded as entirely inadequate.” McKeever,3 in the article we highlight, commented, “Various abnormalities of traumatic origin may exist in the posterior part (of the meniscus) and make its removal mandatory. These are not always visible. Many experienced surgeons feel that total excision always should be done.” This view was widely held until the last quarter of the 20th century. Johnson et al,2 in a paper entitled, “Factors Affecting Late Results After Meniscectomy,” noted conflicting opinions in the literature regarding the effects of meniscectomy and implied the absence of long term followup and low rates of followup had resulted in misinterpretation of outcomes. “Our recovery-rate system was more stringent and led to a lower percentage of satisfactory results than the 60 to 90 per cent reported by most authors,” they concluded.2 Their relatively long term followup (an average of 17.5 years) clearly suggested total meniscectomy was not always a benign procedure. Today partial meniscectomy and repair are the standards of treatment when one or the other is feasible.Fig 1: Total excision. (Reprinted with permission from McKeever DC. Total Excision of Semilunar Cartilages Through a Small Anterior Incision. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1957;9:227-232 .)Fig 2: Cartilages excised in toto by the technic described. (Reprinted with permission from McKeever DC. Total Excision of Semilunar Cartilages Through a Small Anterior Incision. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1957;9:227-232 .)Richard A. Brand, MD Editor-in-Chief Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".