Commissioning and initial operation of a radioactive beam ion source at ISAC
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In November of 1998, the ISAC radioactive beam facility at TRIUMF started delivering on-line isotope separated radioactive beams to experiments. A surface ionization source developed for ISAC has been used to commission the mass separator and beam transport systems and is providing radioactive beams to the first generation of ISAC experiments. The ion source is integral with the radioactive beam production target and is designed to be simple, radiation hard, inexpensive, and easily exchanged by remote-handling techniques. The ion source and its extraction column are suspended at the bottom of ∼2 m of steel shielding incorporated in the target module. The module is suspended in a vacuum tank with primary and secondary vacuum systems. All services for the target/ion source and beam extraction system are ducted through the module shielding. The first sets of beam transport elements and beam diagnostic devices are similarly suspended in vacuum at the bottom of two additional shielded modules. Ion beam characteristics can be routinely monitored during on-line operation by a system of Faraday cups, wire scanners, “harp” monitors, and a novel emittance measurement apparatus that can measure beam emittance in both horizontal and vertical planes. The diagnostics devices are capable of resolving beam signals down to the 10 pA range.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it