Inoculation with Nonpathogenic <i>Fusarium solani</i> Increases Severity of Pea Root Rot Caused by <i>Aphanomyces euteiches</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aphanomyces euteiches is an important root-rotting pathogen of pea. When recovering isolates of A. euteiches from infested soils in Wisconsin using pea as a bait host, isolates of Fusarium solani often were recovered. Experiments were established to compare disease symptoms of pea seedlings inoculated with isolates of A. euteiches and F. solani alone or in combination. Inoculation of pea seedlings with either of two isolates of A. euteiches produced typical root rot symptoms. However, inoculation of pea seedlings with an isolate of F. solani resulted in no disease symptoms, indicating that the isolate was nonpathogenic to pea. Co-inoculation of pea seedlings with A. euteiches and the nonpathogenic isolate of F. solani resulted in significantly (P = 0.05) greater disease severity than inoculation with A. euteiches alone. Both A. euteiches and F. solani could be reisolated, individually or together, from pea seedlings following individual or co-inoculations, respectively. Although the mechanisms of interaction between these two species are unknown, the synergism documented in this study indicates that the interactions of pathogens with nonpathogens may affect development of disease symptoms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".