Whole Chip Temperature Measurements Using Thin-Film PDMS/Rhodamine B for Microfluidic Chip Design
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel method for in-situ temperature measurements of microfluidic devices using thin-film poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) saturated with Rhodamine B dye is reported. Rhodamine B, a dye with temperature dependent fluorescent intensity, is frequently injected into the working fluid for on-chip temperature field visualization of glass and silicon based microfluidic devices. However, such a visualization method results in unreliable temperature measurements due to high absorption and adsorption for polymeric devices such as PDMS. Thus, an inexpensive temperature measurement technique is developed in which a thin PDMS layer (∼30 μm) is fabricated and submersed for several days into a Rhodamine B solution. To prevent backward diffusion of the dye into the working fluid during operation, a glass barrier (∼150 μm) is bonded between the thin film and the PDMS mold containing the microchannel design of interest. Temperature measurements are made by utilizing standard method of measuring changes in the normalized fluorescent intensity. For verification purposes, a new calibration curve is developed and the thin film is tested with a microchannel subjected to joule heating. The resulting temperature field along the axial direction of the channel for different applied powers compares well with numerical simulations. Analysis of dye intensities before and after experiments provides temperature deviation estimates due to photobleaching. Errors in temperature measurement due to the film thickness are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".