Genome-Wide Analysis of the World's Sheep Breeds Reveals High Levels of Historic Mixture and Strong Recent Selection
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Abstract
Through their domestication and subsequent selection, sheep have been adapted to thrive in a diverse range of environments. To characterise the genetic consequence of both domestication and selection, we genotyped 49,034 SNP in 2,819 animals from a diverse collection of 74 sheep breeds. We find the majority of sheep populations contain high SNP diversity and have retained an effective population size much higher than most cattle or dog breeds, suggesting domestication occurred from a broad genetic base. Extensive haplotype sharing and generally low divergence time between breeds reveal frequent genetic exchange has occurred during the development of modern breeds. A scan of the genome for selection signals revealed 31 regions containing genes for coat pigmentation, skeletal morphology, body size, growth, and reproduction. We demonstrate the strongest selection signal has occurred in response to breeding for the absence of horns. The high density map of genetic variability provides an in-depth view of the genetic history for this important livestock species.
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The record
- Venue
- PLoS Biology
- Topic
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Field
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
- Canadian institutions
- —
- Funders
- National Chemical LaboratoryAristotle University of ThessalonikiHáskóli ÍslandsUniversity College DublinUniversity of CyprusUniversity of AlbertaUniversidad de LeónAdnan Menderes ÜniversitesiUniversity of PeradeniyaInstitut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueUniversity of New EnglandCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationInstitute of GeneticsCyprus University of TechnologyUniversität HohenheimChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesInternational Atomic Energy AgencyLandbúnaðarháskóli ÍslandsMeat and Livestock AustraliaU.S. Department of Agriculture
- Keywords
- BiologyDomesticationSelection (genetic algorithm)Genetic diversityEvolutionary biologyCoatGenetic variationPopulationLivestockGeneticsHaplotypeGeneGenotypeEcology
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes