Feeding a combination of lactate-utilizing and lactate producing bacteria modulates acute phase response in feedlot steers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Six ruminally cannulated steers were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with 2 wk for adaptation and 1 wk for measurements to study the effects of Propionibacterium P15 (P15) alone or in combination with Enterococcus faecium EF212 (PE) on acute phase response. Treatments were: (i) carrier (control), (ii) P15, and (iii) PE. The bacterial treatments [109 colony forming units (CFU) d-1] mixed in whey powder (carrier), or whey powder alone for control animals, were top-dressed once daily at the time of feeding (10 g steer-1 d-1). Blood samples were obtained from jugular veins on the last day of each period at 0, 6, and 12 h after feeding of bacteria and serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin, lipopolysaccharide de-binding protein (LBP) were measured by ELISA and alpha1-acid glycoprotein (α1-AGP) by radial immunodiffusion. Results indicate that feeding P15 alone increased SAA and lowered plasma haptoglobin, whereas, feeding PE elevated concentrations of SAA, but had no effect on plasma haptoglobin. No significant differences were obtained for plasma α1-AGP among the experimental groups. In conclusion, feeding direct-fed microbials induced an inflammatory response in feedlot steers. Key words: Acute phase response, feedlot steers, direct-fed microbials
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".