Investigating the presence of mealybug species as vectors for viruses in grape-growing areas in Turkey
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Vineyards in Turkey were surveyed from July–August of 2006–2007 for the presence of mealybug infestation and the viral agents of leafroll and rugose wood diseases, namely vitiviruses and ampeloviruses, respectively. Plant and insect samples in the main grape-growing regions were collected and processed for nucleic acid isolation. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the insect-transmitted Grapevine virus A (GVA) and B (GVB) (Vitivirus) and Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-1 (GLRaV-1) and ‐3 (GLRaV-3) (Ampelovirus). All viruses except GVB were detected in the samples. Planococcus ficus (Signoret) is the only mealybug species found to be widespread in the sampled areas. This is the first epidemiological study of these viruses and their potential vector in Turkey. Résumé En Turquie, durant les mois de juillet et août 2006 et 2007, les vignobles ont été inspectés pour y déceler des infestations de cochenille ainsi que la présence des agents viraux de l'enroulement de la vigne et de la cannelure du tronc, notamment des vitivirus et des ampelovirus, respectivement. Des échantillons de plants et d'insectes provenant des principales régions viticoles ont été traités pour isolement des acides nucléiques. La RT-PCR a été utilisée pour détecter les virus A (GVA) et B (GVB) de la vigne (vitivirus) ainsi que les virus associés de types ‐1 (GLRaV-1) et ‐3 (GLRaV-3) de l'enroulement de la vigne (ampelovirus). Tous les virus, sauf GVB, ont été détectés dans les échantillons. Planococcus ficus (Signoret) est la seule espèce de cochenille trouvée à la grandeur des régions échantillonnées. Cette étude épidémiologique de ces virus et de leur vecteur potentiel est la première menée en Turquie. Keywords: ampelovirusepidemiologymealybugvectorvirus transmissionvitivirusMots clés: ampeloviruscochenilleépidémiologietransmission des virusvecteurvitivirus Acknowledgements This research was funded by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project no: TOVAG 106 O 121).
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it