Hyperlactatemia and concurrent use of antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected patients in Uganda
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We determined the prevalence and factors associated with hyperlactatemia among HIV patients admitted on the emergency ward of a national hospital in Uganda. OBJECTIVE: We were specifically interested in knowing whether there was an association between clinically significant hyperlactatemia and concurrent antiretroviral therapy (ART) use. METHODS: A cross sectional descriptive study enrolled 303 HIV infected patients at a national referral hospital between March and April 2008. We consecutively recruited all eligible HIV infected patients above 18 years admitted on the emergency ward. Data were collected on socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics. Lactate levels were measured using the Accutrend® portable lactate analyser. Data analysis was performed using Stata 10.0; P-value of < 0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS: Three hundred and three HIV infected patients were recruited. Prevalence of hyperlactatemia (lactate ≥2.5mmol/L) was 252 (83.2%). Clinically significant hyperlactatemia (lactate ≥4mmol/L) was present in 105/303(34.6%) patients. There was no association between use of ART and clinically significant hyperlactatemia. In the multivariate analysis, body weakness 1.91 (1.09-3.35), skin rash 3.18 (1.11-9.10) and tachypnoea 1.04 (1.01-1.07) were independently associated with clinically significant hyperlactatemia. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of clinically significant hyperlactatemia among HIV infected patients but it was not associated with concurrent antiretroviral use.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".