MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort

In vivo efficacy and toxicity of intratumorally delivered mitomycin C and its combination with doxorubicin using microsphere formulations

2005· article· en· W2062686953 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueAnti-Cancer Drugs · 2005
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMaterials Science
TopicNanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
Canadian institutionsOntario Institute for Cancer ResearchUniversity of Toronto
Fundersnot available
KeywordsDoxorubicinToxicityMitomycin CMicrosphereIn vivoTherapeutic indexPharmacologyChemotherapyMedicineDextranChemistrySurgeryDrugInternal medicineBiologyChromatography

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The efficacy and toxicity of intratumorally (i.t.) administered anticancer drugs mitomycin C (MMC) and doxorubicin (Dox) incorporated in polymeric microspheres were investigated. Biodegradable sulfopropyl dextran microspheres and their oxidized products were used to load Dox and MMC, respectively. EMT6 mouse mammary cancer cells were injected into the hind leg of BALB/c mice. MMC microspheres, alone or combined with Dox microspheres, were injected i.t. once tumors had reached around 0.3 g. The tumor-plus-leg diameter was measured daily and the delay in time for the tumor to grow to 1.13 g relative to control (TGD) was employed as an indication of therapeutic effect. General toxicity was determined by monitoring weight, appearance and behavior of the mice. Morphology and histology of tumor and heart tissues were also examined. An average 79% TGD was observed after i.t. injection of MMC microspheres. The i.t. co-administration of MMC and Dox microspheres resulted in a 185% TGD. The i.t. injections of the microsphere formulations did not result in visible signs of toxicity in animals. In contrast, systemic (i.e. i.p.) injections of MMC solutions caused considerable general toxicity. This study suggests that i.t. delivery of anticancer drugs by polymeric microspheres is an effective way of improving the therapeutic index for cancer chemotherapy of selected solid tumors under special conditions.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.015
Threshold uncertainty score0.541

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.011
GPT teacher head0.257
Teacher spread0.246 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it