Vanadium oxide films for optical modulation applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Thin films of vanadium oxide were prepared and studied for the electro-optical properties of semiconductor-metal transition. Vanadium oxide films with thickness of ~ 0.15μm were deposited on SiO2/Si substrates by reactive RF magnetron sputtering using a pure vanadium target under various ratios of argon and oxygen gases. The oxygen content in the mixed atmosphere has a significant influence on the semiconductor-metal transition characteristics. Both thermochromic and electrochromic modes were studied. In thermochromic mode, the oxide film deposited in an O2/Ar ratio of 1.2% exhibits 90% optical transmission in semiconducting state at room temperatures, while very low transmission at 5% in metallic state at 65°C, in the wavelength region of 8 to 12μm. In the near infrared region of 1 to 2μm, the transmission is about 60% in the semiconducting state and a few percents in the metal state. A corresponding three-order variation of resistivity was observed over the transition. The refractive indices (n and k) of the vanadium oxide films were measured using an ellipsometer in the near infrared region between 1 and 2 μm in both states. The index n decreases in metal state while k increases. The electrochromic phase transition of vanadium oxide was investigated by applying a pulsed voltage to minimize the heating effect. The required charge density for the phase transition is consistence with the Mott metal-insulator model. Longwave IR switching and modulation were demonstrated by electrically induced semiconductor-metal transition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".