Electrophoretic detection of population variation withinContracaecum ogmorhini (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea: Anisakidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examined genetic variation among specimens of Contracaecum ogmorhini from different otariid hosts and geographical origins using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based mutation detection approach. The first (ITS-1) and second (ITS-2) internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) were amplified individually by PCR, scanned for sequence variation by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), and samples displaying variable SSCP profiles were subjected to cycle sequencing. While C. ogmorhini individuals from Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus (CoAPP) from South Africa and those from Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus (CoAPD) from Australia had very similar SSCP profiles for both ITS-1 and ITS-2, individuals of C. ogmorhini from Zalophus californianus (CoZC) from Pacific Canada could be unequivocally distinguished based on their profiles. In accordance with SSCP results, both CoAPP and CoAPD had identical ITS consensus sequences, whereas CoZC differed in sequence from both CoAPP and CoAPD populations by 0.2% (one base in the ITS-1) and 0.7% (two bases in the ITS-2). Based on the nucleotide difference in the ITS-2 sequence, a PCR-linked restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) could be employed to distinguish individuals representing CoZC from those of both CoAPP and CoAPD. The findings suggest that C. ogmorhini may represent a complex of at least two species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".