Numerical Simulations of the Intra-Aneurysmal Vortex Shedding in Induced Mouse Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A feature of particular interest observed in vivo in murine abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is the presence of a vortex shed from the proximal edge of the abdominal aortic aneurysm. It is unclear whether the occurrence of the shed vortex is due to the periodic nature of the flow-rate waveform, to geometric features, or to the compliant nature of the vessel tissue. Numerical simulations were performed on 3D semi-idealized and 2D axi-symmetric models of the abdominal aortic aneurysm at a mean Reynolds number of 63 and a Womersley number of 2 (for unsteady inflow conditions). The numerical results from the 3D model showed good agreement with the flows visualized by Doppler Ultrasound with respect to the development of the observed shed vortex. The idealized axi-symmetric models under steady flow conditions showed no signs of vortex shedding. Under unsteady inflow conditions, however, shear-layer roll-up occurred near the peak systolic velocity. The presence of a proximal lip was found to lead to vortex separation (from the wall) earlier in the cardiac cycle, and the presence of the proximal narrowing led to the earliest vortex separation. The sensitivity to the inflow waveform shape also showed that the presence of the shedding, in the model with proximal narrowing, disappeared when the peak-to-mean velocity ratio was reduced by approximately half. Therefore, we conclude that the observed intra-aneurysmal vortex shedding is a shear-layer rollup phenomenon; however, the geometry can act to enhance further the observed vortex shedding.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".