Inhibition of the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐ATPase by flavonoids: A quantitative structure‐activity relationship study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Flavonoids are commonly found in fruit and vegetables and have been shown to reach concentrations of several micromolars in human blood plasma. Flavonoids are also believed to have cancer chemoprotective properties. One hypothesis is that flavonoids are able to initiate apoptosis, especially in cancer cells, via a Ca(2+)-dependent mitochondrial pathway. This pathway can be activated through an exaggerated elevation of cytosolic [Ca(2+)], and sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPases (SERCA) play an essential role in ameliorating such changes. In this study, we demonstrate that flavonoids (especially flavones) can inhibit the activity of Ca(2+)-ATPases isoforms SERCA1A and SERCA2B in the micromolar concentration range. Of the 25 flavonoids tested, 3,6-dihydroxyflavone (IC(50), 4.6 microM) and 3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone (quercetin) (IC(50), 8.9 microM) were the most potent inhibitors. We show that polyhydroxylation of the flavones are important for inhibition, with hydroxylation at position 3 (for SERCA1A) and position 6 (for SERCA2B) being particularly relevant.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".