Wood fibre - cement composites by extrusion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Wood fibres derived from both hardwood and softwood, being relatively inexpensive and in ample supply, have gained increasing popularity in the fibre-cement building product industry. Presently, the manufacture of most wood fibre - cement composites employs the Hatschek process. The purpose of this paper is to examine the feasibility of using extrusion technology for the production. Wood fibre - cement sheets, composed of both hardwood and softwood fibres of different fibre contents, were fabricated using an auger-type extruder. The flexural behavior, moisture content, water absorption, and density of all batches were evaluated. To investigate the weathering durability of the extruded composites, materials were also subjected to a temperature-cycling test and a natural exposure weathering test. With a relative ease of manufacture and a much cleaner production, extrusion was found to be a suitable means for making cement composite thin sheets with up to 8% fibres by weight. The extruded composites exhibited a performance comparable to or even better than that of the Hatschek products. Hardwood fibres, which are cheaper and more available than the softwood fibres, were found to be more suitable for extrusion production in terms of the extrudability, finished surface, and long-term mechanical properties.Key words: wood fibre - cement composites, hardwood pulp, softwood pulp, extrusion, strength, toughness index, temperature cycling, natural weathering.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".