Fabrication and performance of high-frequency composite transducers with triangular-pillar geometry
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A single-element, 40-MHz, 3-mm diameter transducer was fabricated with a geometric focus at 9 mm. The transducer was based on a piezo-composite substrate with triangular-shaped composite pillars. The 2-way bandwidth of 50% and impedance magnitude were in agreement with that predicted using finite-element modeling. A one-way radiation pattern was collected using a needle hydrophone. The one-way -3 dB beamwidth at the geometric focus was measured to be 120 microm and the -3 dB depth of field was 2.5 mm. This is in good agreement with the theoretical predictions of 112.5 microm and 2.4 mm. The triangular-pillar composite transducer was then compared with a transducer with square composite pillars with similar volume fraction of active ceramic. A 9.5 dB reduction in the amplitude of the secondary resonance was found for the triangular-pillar composite as well as a 30% gain in the 2-way pulse bandwidth. A 256-element 30-MHz linear array was fabricated as a preliminary investigation into the use of the triangular pillar as the substrate in a high-frequency linear array transducer. In vivo images were generated with both the single-element and linear-array transducers.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it