P4–259: White matter hyperintensities in Alzheimer's disease: The potential protective role of vitamin D
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency is very common among Alzheimer's patients, with a prevalence ranging between 70–90%. Although anti-ischemic effects have been reported in rodents supplemented with vitamin D, the impact of higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations on leukoaraiosis has not been studied yet in humans. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine whether higher 25OHD concentrations were associated among older adults with fewer white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). One hundred and ten Caucasian community-dwellers with subjective memory complaint (mean age 71.9 ± 5.9 years; 47.3% female) from the GAIT study, were divided into 2 groups according to serum 25OHD concentration (either insufficiency ≤75nmol/L, or normal status >75nmol/L). The total extent of periventricular and subcortical white matter signal-intensity abnormality was measured using Manolio's semiquantitative visual rating scale applied to T2-weighted FLAIR magnetic resonance images. Periventricular and subcortical WMHs were then characterized separately using Fazeka's scale. A ge, gender, body mass index, education level, Mini-Mental State Examination score, serum concentrations of calcium, TSH, vitamin B12, and the effect of season tested were considered as potential confounders. Compared to participants with 25OHD insufficiency (n=85), participants with normal 25OHD status (n=25) had a lower grade of periventricular WMHs (1.34±0.66 versus 1.04 ±0.61 respectively, P=0.045). Increased serum 25OHD concentration was associated with a decrease in total WMHs grade (fully adjusted beta =-0.34 [95CI: -0.65;-0.02] with P=0.037), specifically a decrease in periventricular WMHs (fully adjusted beta =-0.12 [95CI: -0.24;-0.01] with P=0.040), but not in subcortical WMHs (fully adjusted beta =-0.11 [95CI: -0.26;0.05] with P=0.175). Higher s erum 25OHD concentration was associated with a decreased amount of WMHs, especially periventricular WMHs, in the studied cohort of community-dwelling older adults with subjective memory complaint. Continued work is needed toward understanding the role of vitamin D in brain and the impact of vitamin D insufficiency in the course of Alzheimer's disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".