Simultaneous Synthesis of Titanium Carbide-Alumina from Woody Materials by Self-Propagating High Temperature Synthesis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In order to prepare simultaneously TiC-Al2O3, and to suppress formation of carbon defects in TiC prepared from self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) of woody materials with Ti, the reaction of each woody material with Ti and Al was investigated and compared with their reaction with Ti only. The reaction of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria joponica D. Don) bark, cellulose or lignin as the woody materials, with Ti alone or Al-containing Ti powder was examined under the conditions favorable for the SHS reaction. It was found that TiC-Al2O3 could be successfully prepared from the woody materials by means of the SHS reaction. The effectiveness of Al in reducing the amount of carbon defects in the TiC was confirmed by performing the SHS reaction with and without Al. The carbon and oxygen in the woody materials reacted with Ti and Al to yield TiC and α-Al2O3, respectively. The amount of carbon defects in cellulose-derived TiC decreased with increasing aluminum, whereas lignin-derived TiC hardly changed in that regard. Because added aluminum reacts preferentially with oxygen in the woody material, it is guessed that oxygen which it takes to remove carbon atom from the TiC lattice is used up.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".