Paramagnetic Ge–Li centres in alpha quartz revisited: The D<sub>Li</sub>([GeO<sub>4</sub>/Li]<sup>0</sup><sub>D</sub>) centre
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A previously unreported stable paramagnetic defect centre in single-crystal alpha-quartz has been studied by quantitative X-band electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy at 15, 100, and 296 K, and is shown to contain a Ge3+ ion, presumably located substitutional for Si4+, with a nearby interstitial Li+ ion. The centre, called DLi herein, grows in slowly (months) after room-temperature x-irradiation and storage. Hyperfine structure arising from 73Ge, 7Li, and 29Si has been observed. The spin-Hamiltonian parameter matrices g, A(7Li), A(73Ge), and P(73Ge) are reported, also for centre CLi. A thermal dynamic process, probably involving Li+ hopping, begins to be appreciable above 100 K. Discussion of DLi, its apparent growth from another paramagnetic centre (not yet fully characterized), and comparison with other similar defects is included.PACS Nos.: 42.70.Ce, 61.72.Hh, 61.72–y, 61.72S–, 61.72uf, 61.80–x, 76.30–v, 76.30.Mi
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".