ASSOCIATION OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN THE ENGLISH LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF AGEING
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors comprised of elevated fasting plasma glucose and insulin resistance, central obesity, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension. Depression is a common co-morbidity in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Inflammatory mechanisms have been suggested to be involved in depression and metabolic syndrome. C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute-phase reactant of systemic inflammation, has been found to be independently associated with metabolic syndrome and depression. Objectives To assess the association between C-reactive protein with metabolic syndrome and depressive symptoms in a representative sample of British people aged 50 years and above. Methods Participants were 8398 men and women from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing(ELSA), a prospective study of community-dwelling older adults. Associations between CRP with metabolic syndrome and depressive symptoms were examined using stratified multivariate logistic regression adjusted for age, smoking, physical activity, and alcohol consumption. Metabolic syndrome was based on the new worldwide definition by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Elevated depressive symptoms was based on a score >=4 using the 8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scale. Results The prevalence of having both metabolic syndrome and elevated depressive symptom was 27.5%. Preliminary results indicate that high CRP levels is associated with elevated depressive symptoms in individuals without metabolic syndrome (adjusted OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.65-3.02), but not in individuals with metabolic syndrome. High CRP levels is associated with metabolic syndrome in individuals with elevated depressive symptoms (adjusted OR: 3.41, 95% CI: 2.48-4.69) as well as in individuals without elevated depressive symptoms (adjusted OR: 3.46, 95% CI: 2.37-5.05). Conclusions Metabolic syndrome and depressive symptoms are independently related to CRP. A better understanding using longitudinal data will help assess whether inflammation is a determinant of depressive symptoms in individuals with metabolic syndrome.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".