Electrical characterization of in-place bonded interfaces
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Wafer bonding using an intermediate layer such as SiO2 is now a standard method for the fabrication of engineered substrates in the semiconductor industry, the prime example being silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates. However, direct semiconductor-to-semiconductor bonding by this method has been less successful, since the surfaces to be bonded are typically exposed to air. With the in-place bonding method, semiconductor-to-semiconductor bonding occurs during removal of a sacrificial layer in an HF solution, in principle allowing for a bonded interface that is free of oxygen and other airborn contaminants. We have investigated the interface properties of in-place bonded GaAs/GaAs structures with both transmission electron microscopy and current–voltage measurements. The interface was found to be free of an oxide interlayer and microstructure imperfections. The specific electrical resistance is (2.2 ± 0.5) × 10−4 Ω cm2, an order of magnitude lower than values reported for wafer bonded interfaces.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it