Transdermal apomorphine permeation from microemulsions: A new treatment in Parkinson's disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We studied absorption, efficacy, and tolerability in Parkinson's disease (PD) of a new preparation of apomorphine included in a microemulsion and administered by transdermal route (Apo-MTD). Twenty-one PD patients were treated with levodopa plus oral dopamine-agonists (T0), with levodopa alone (T1), finally with levodopa plus Apo-MTD (T2). Apo-MTD provided therapeutic plasma levels for many hours, improved Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III scores, and reduced total duration of off periods compared to T0 and T1. We concluded that Apo-MTD is absorbed and demonstrates clinical efficacy and long action. Therefore, it seems a promising add-on treatment for uncontrolled prolonged off phases in PD patients, but chronic tolerability needs further study.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".