LQR with integral action controller applied to a three-phase three-switch three-level AC/DC converter
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a Linear Quadratic Regulator with Integral action (LQIR) applied to the three-phase three-switch three-level boost-type Vienna rectifier. The design of the controller is based on the small-signal model of the converter, which is developed in the dq0 rotating reference frame using the state-space averaging technique along with the linearization process. This controller is designed to regulate the DC bus voltages, ensure low THD of line currents and compensate the reactive power. While the standard linear quadratic regulator provides only proportional gains, the integral action is added to cancel the steady-state errors in the control loop. This is done by extending the state vector to include the integral of the source currents dq0 components, the overall output voltage and the DC load unbalance. The controller is tested using Matlab/Simulink, considering successively the cases of a balanced load, an unbalanced load and mains voltages disturbances. The obtained results have shown high performance compared to other control techniques applied to this same topology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".