Polymer‐immobilized cyclodextrin trapping of model organic pollutants in flowing water streams
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Epichlorohydrin‐crosslinked β‐cyclodextrin polymers (BCDPs) were prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared. Beads of the BCDPs were used to pack a column for trapping organic contaminants in flowing water (flow rate = 5–32 mL/min). The contaminants were naphthalene (a model for polyaromatic hydrocarbons), naproxen (a model for pollutants of pharmaceutical origin), and 2‐naphthol (a model for pesticides with pH‐dependent ionization states). The trapping efficiencies were determined with fluorescence spectroscopy as the analytical technique. The best trapping efficiencies were obtained for BCDPs with a nominal cyclodextrin/epichlorohydrin ratio of 1:29. Trapping was highly efficient for naphthalene (98%) and 2‐naphthol (70%), but it was much less efficient for naproxen (18%). Possible causes for these differences were examined. The trapped organics could be flushed from the column with an ethanol wash. The recovery of the organics with this approach was very good (>95%). This simple column design, made of inexpensive and reusable materials, has potential applications in water remediation and water sampling. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 2103–2110, 2003
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".