Long-Term Morphological and Biochemical Observations in Cisplatin-Induced Hypomagnesemia in Rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A model of cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II) induced hypomagnesemia with renal magnesium wasting was developed in rats. Following three weekly intraperitoneal injections of cisplatin (2.5 mg/kg body weight) hypomagnesemia was evident after the second injection of cisplatin and persisted for at least 24 weeks after the last injection. The plasma magnesium concentration was 0.69 +/- 0.01 mM in cisplatin-treated rats and 0.79 +/- 0.01 mM in control rats 24 h after the second injection (less than 0.01). Despite a lower plasma magnesium concentration in cisplatin-treated rats, the fractional urinary excretion of magnesium was similar in both groups, indicating inappropriate renal magnesium excretion in cisplatin-treated rats. Rat kidneys fixed in situ by arterial infusion were examined by light and electron microscopy at the following times: 24 h after the first and second injections and 48 h and 1, 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks after the third injection. Focal necrosis of the proximal tubule cells in the outer stripe of the medulla (S3 segment) was noted 24 h after the second injection. Following this, there was dilatation of the S3 segment proximal tubules which were lined by variably flattened epithelial cells devoid of brush borders. Many of these cells had enlarged, hyperchromatic nuclei, and few mitoses were observed. These changes were most extensive at 4 weeks, diminished after this, but were still present focally at 24 weeks. In this model the cisplatin-induced hypomagnesemia persists long after discontinuation of therapy as in humans, and the S3 segment is the prime target of the cisplatin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".