Emerging concepts on neuronal cytoskeleton
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Emerging Concepts on Neuronal Cytoskeleton Workshop came from the idea that scientists in the same field should meet regularly to share results and exchange ideas and hypotheses. While there are scientific societies and large meetings that bring together thousands of scientists, small specialized meetings on a specific issue are sometimes infrequent and difficult to attend, especially for graduate and postgraduate students. Accordingly, our Workshop is a great opportunity for Latin American scientists and their trainees to share research on the neuronal cytoskeleton with established researchers coming from all over the world. Our two meetings in 2011 and 2013 have offered a close and friendly environment for interactions and stimulation to forge collaborations among scientists with common goals. Last year, the second workshop was held in Marbella Resort, Maitencillo, Chile from May 26 to 30, 2013. The Program began with a Plenary Lecture by Professor Gary Banker in which he presented his historic and continuing development of hippocampal primary neuronal culture, which is the basis for much significant cellular and molecular neurobiology. Nine sessions of talks and discussions over the next three days considered the roles of the neuronal cytoskeleton in development, maturation and disease states. Oral presentations were given by 29 internationally recognized researchers, and three poster sessions were held for graduate students, postdoctoral trainees and young researchers. The meeting involved 80 participants from Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Chile, France, India, Mexico, Portugal, UK, Uruguay, and USA. In this issue of Journal of Neurochemistry, aspects of the spirit of the workshop are presented. Five review articles summarize emerging ideas on several functions of the neuronal cytoskeleton. Don Arnold and Gianluca Gallo describe coordinated functions of axonal myosin and actin (Arnold and Gallo 2014): axonal actin patches are precursors for protrusion and anchorage sites for myosin motors and their cargos, while axonal rings of actin and spectrin are scaffolds for stabilizing and organizing axonal components. Eric Dent and Peter Baas (Dent and Baas 2014) propose new ideas for microtubule function. In addition to well-known roles in cytoskeletal support and transport, neuronal microtubules may have dynamic roles in signaling and mediating plasticity in axons, dendrites, and spines. Timothy Gomez and Paul Letourneau review actin dynamics in growth cones (Gomez and Letourneau 2014). The article addresses how actin polymerization and organization is dynamically regulated by extracellular and intracellular stimuli to control growth cone motility. Phillip Gordon-Weeks and Alyson Fournier review the roles of the neuronal cytoskeleton in the modulation of synaptic development, maturation and plasticity, and offer a current vision of the efforts to promote plasticity by targeting the cytoskeleton during neuronal regeneration (Gordon-Weeks and Fournier 2014). Finally, Christian Gonzalez-Billault and Alfredo Caceres review how small GTPases from the Rab family are essential players in linking intracellular membrane trafficking with cytoskeleton dynamics, and their roles in dendrite and axon differentiation (Villarroel-Campos et al. 2014). In closing, we emphasize the highly stimulating environment of the workshop, the growing number of students, and the participation of every attendee in the success of the meeting. We hope you enjoy the articles in this issue written by participants and we look forward with enthusiasm for next meeting on this topic that will take place in 2015 in Puerto Varas, Chile!
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".