Subcutaneous Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> Restrains Airway Mast Cell Activity in vivo and Reduces Lung Eosinophilia and Th<sub>2</sub> Cytokine Overproduction in House Dust Mite-Sensitive Mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prostaglandin (PG) E(2) is thought to exert protective effects in the lungs. Accordingly, aerosolized PGE(2) prevents the experimentally induced airway response to allergen challenge in asthmatics. In vitro evidence indicating that functional PGE(2) receptors (EP) are expressed on human mast cells and that PGE(2) can alter cytokine production suggests that these phenomena may be involved in its beneficial effect in asthma. However, in vivo evidence is scarce. METHODS: We assessed the effects of exogenous PGE(2) and of the EP1/EP3 agonist sulprostone on the murine airway response to house dust mite (HDM) allergens, a model that accurately reproduces the spontaneous exposure of allergic asthma patients to aeroallergens. We also analyzed the in vivo impact of PGE(2) on production in the murine airway of mast cell protease (mMCP)-1, a specific marker of lung mast cell activity, and on local production of cytokines. RESULTS: Exogenous PGE(2), but not sulprostone, reduced eosinophilic infiltration in HDM-sensitized mice by half and led to a strong reduction in airway Th(2) cytokine expression. These anti- inflammatory effects were accompanied in vivo by a substantial reduction in HDM-induced upregulation of airway mMCP-1. Neither PGE(2) nor sulprostone had any effect on airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that the anti-inflammatory effect of PGE(2) can be reproduced in vivo in HDM-sensitized mice and suggest that this protective effect is dependent in vivo on inhibition of the allergen-triggered proinflammatory activity of bronchial mast cells. Finally, the effect of PGE(2) is linked to reduced upregulation of airway Th(2) cytokines.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".