Reduced Right Ventricular Myocardial Strain in the Elite Athlete May Not Be a Consequence of Myocardial Damage. <i>“</i>Cream Masquerades as Skimmed Milk”
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Latest research shows that the lower resting values of right ventricular (RV) myocardial % strain may represent a physiologic change rather than subclinical myocardial damage. Therefore, we assessed load-independent changes to the RV as a consequence of high intensity training by measuring the Isovolumic acceleration (IVA) of the free wall of the RV in conjunction with NT pro-BNP measured by an electrochemiluminescence assay. METHODS: Seventeen controls (mean age 27 ± 4), 24 soccer footballers (mean age 24 ± 4), and 18 elite rowers (mean age 22 ± 4) were studied. Left ventricular (LV) and RV % strain were measured using two-dimensional (2D) speckle based automated functional imaging (AFI) software. RV free wall IVA was measured using pulsed-wave tissue Doppler at the lateral tricuspid annulus. Standard 2D echo were used to measured RV parameters including the Tei index (systolic and diastolic function) and the total annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) of the RV annulus. NT pro-BNP was measured by an electrochemiluminescence assay. RESULTS: The RV diameter was increased in the footballers and elite rowers compared with controls (P < 0.001). RV wall size was greater in the elite rowers compared with controls and footballers (P = 0.002). The peak IVA of the RV was higher in the rowers, compared with the footballers and to controls (P < 0.001). The mean LV and RV % myocardial strain were lower in the elite athletes and the footballers compared with controls (P < 0.001). There was no difference in RV Tei index, levels of BNP, and TAPSE across all subjects. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a significant increase in IVA of the RV of athletes despite reduced myocardial % strain and normal levels in NT-proBNP. This suggests that the decrease in % strain is not a consequence of myocardial damage, but may represents a part of the physiological response to endurance exercise. Therefore, a reduced IVA in a remodeled RV could herald a pathological response.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it