Fibre properties of Norway spruce of different growth rates grown under birch shelterwoods of two densities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of birch shelterwood density (0, 300, and 600 trees/ha) and growth rate on fibre and pulp properties of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) understorey (growing at 1500 trees/ha) were evaluated for a trial in the boreal coniferous forest, 58 years after establishment of the stand and 21 years after establishment of the trial. Microdensitometry was used to record variations in wood density, whereas fibre properties and kraft pulp strength properties were measured on laboratory-made batches of unbleached kraft pulp. The main conclusion of the investigation is that a birch shelterwood has only a minor influence on the wood and fibre properties of sheltered Norway spruce and that the resulting consequences for kraft pulping are moderate. Length-weighted mean fibre length was significantly affected only by growth rate. It was 1.75 mm, or 6-13% lower, for trees showing a low growth rate than for all other trees. Tensile index was already high before refining, 85-95 Nm g-1, and the increase due t...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".