Patterns in the within‐tree distribution of the emerald ash borer <i>Agrilus planipennis</i> (Fairmaire) in young, green‐ash plantations of south‐western Ontario, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract 1 The emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) is a serious exotic pest of ash trees ( Fraxinus spp.) in North America, and is responsible for the deaths of millions of trees in Ontario and Michigan. One of the greatest challenges facing the successful management of the pest is the ability to accurately detect its presence in a tree. 2 Observations were made on A. planipennis larval feeding galleries found within 65 young, green‐ash trees cut from plantations in Essex County, Ontario, Canada. The within‐tree distributions of feeding galleries were described in relation to height‐above‐ground, stem diameter, bark thickness and stem aspect. 3 Galleries were not distributed randomly or evenly; minimum boundaries of stem diameter and bark thickness and a maximum boundary of height‐above‐ground were detected. Indications of maximum boundaries for stem diameter and bark thickness were also observed. Galleries were found most often on the south‐west side of the tree. 4 Using the technique of upper boundary regression, we were able to identify significant quadratic relationships between A. planipennis gallery density and stem diameter and bark thickness, as well as a significant negative linear relationship between gallery density and height‐above‐ground. 5 Agrilus planipennis gallery density in newly‐infested trees was lower than in previously‐infested trees, and was observed to peak at smaller stem diameters and bark thicknesses than in previously‐infested trees. 6 Survey teams would increase their probability of detecting new A. planipennis infestations by initiating searches for exit holes and feeding galleries in trunk sections and branches of approximately 7 cm in diameter.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".