Massage does not influence Muscle Soreness or Strength Recovery Following a Half-Marathon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
0131 Massage therapy is commonly used following endurance running races with the expectation that it will enhance post-run recovery of muscle function and reduce soreness. A limited number of studies have reported little or no influence of massage therapy on post-exercise muscle soreness and functional recovery following exercise performed in laboratory settings. However, no studies have been conducted in a field setting to assess the potential for massage to influence muscle recovery following an actual endurance running race. PURPOSE: To evaluate the potential for repeated massage therapy interventions to influence recovery of quadriceps muscle soreness, recovery of quadriceps muscle strength and reduction of upper leg muscle swelling over a one week recovery period following an actual road running race. METHODS: Twelve adult recreational runners (8 male, 4 female) completed a half marathon (21.1 km) road race. On days 1 and 4 post-race, subjects received 30 min of standardized massage therapy performed by a registered massage therapist on a randomly assigned massage treatment leg, while the other (control leg) received no massage treatment. Three days prior to the race and preceding the treatments on each post-race treatment day as well as on day 7 post-race, the following measures were conducted on each of the massage and control leg: Concentric quadriceps muscle peak torques (60 degrees/sec) were determined using a CYBEX NORM dynamometer. Subjective evaluation of quadriceps muscle soreness during active movement was determined using a 7 point scale (0 = no soreness, 7 = maximal soreness). Upper leg muscle swelling was estimated by determining the leg circumference 15 cm above the knee. RESULTS: At day 1 post-race, quadriceps peak torque was significantly reduced (p<0.05), and soreness and leg circumference significantly elevated (p<0.05) relative to pre-race values, with no difference between legs. Subsequently, on days 4 and 7 post-exercise(following massage treatments on days 1 and 4) no significant differences between massage and control leg were noted in any of these measures. All measures had returned to pre-race levels by day 7. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated massage therapy did not influence the recovery of quadriceps muscle peak torque, reduction of muscle soreness or recovery of upper leg swelling in legs of runners up to 7 days following the completion of a half-marathon race.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".