When HDD Construction Shifts Happen: Insertion of a Casing Sleeve Mitigated a Major Threat to Completion of the Project
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper will discuss how the project team planned, designed and constructed a unique and innovative casing sleeve as one of the key solutions to overcome a major threat to the completion of a horizontal directional drilling (“HDD”) project (“Fraser River South Arm Crossing Upgrade Project” or “Fraser River Crossing”). In 2009 FortisBC Energy Inc. (“FortisBC”) started construction to upgrade its NPS 20 and NPS 24 pipeline crossings of the Fraser River, the largest river in the province of BC, Canada via HDD. Due to the poor surface geology at this location on the Fraser River, temporary surface casings were required on both sides of the crossing to get drilling activities into a formation suitable for conducting an HDD crossing. As a result, the Fraser River Crossing required an HDD rig to drill concurrently from either side of the crossing in order to create a continuous borehole (also known as an intersect crossing). During the pullback of the NPS 24 - 1.35 km crossing section, a major mechanical failure occurred when over 95% of the length had been pulled through. After multiple attempts to resume pullback by the HDD rigs and other onsite equipment were unsuccessful, the project team was left with the major challenge(s) of determining how else the crossing could be completed and the pipeline tied in on both sides of the river without incurring major business interruption in a busy industrial section of Richmond, BC. Moreover, FortisBC was faced with the possibility of having to abandon the project and the millions spent up to that point in time with no value. This paper will focus on how the project team overcame the challenge and mitigated long term operational issues that included maintaining adequate cathodic protection. Learn how the combined efforts of a multi-disciplined project team planned, designed, fabricated and ultimately successfully inserted an innovative casing sleeve, although unproven at the time and with its share of additional risks, after reviewing an extensive assessment of numerous alternatives as the optimum solution in order for FortisBC to finally complete the upgrade of its pipeline system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.017 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".