Retinal arteriolar vascular reactivity to incremental changes in hyperoxic stimuli during isocapnia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Purpose To determine the relationship between the magnitude of retinal arteriolar vascular reactivity and incremental changes in hyperoxic stimuli whilst maintaining isocapnia. Methods Twelve healthy, young adults (mean age 27 years, SD 4) participated in a gas protocol consisting of 4 phases at varying fractional expired oxygen levels (FeO2): baseline (15%), hyperoxia I (40%), hyperoxia II (65%), and recovery (15%). End‐tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) was maintained at isocapnia throughout the experiment. Retinal arteriolar diameter, blood velocity, and blood flow were assessed non‐invasively using the Canon Laser Blood Flowmeter during each of these phases. Results Repeated measures ANOVA showed that there were significant influences of incremental changes in FeO2 on retinal arteriolar diameter (p<0.0001), blood velocity (p<0.0001), and blood flow (p<0.0001). Paired t‐tests of these retinal hemodynamic parameters during each phase in the gas sequence showed they were significantly different (p<0.05) from each other, with the exception of baseline and recovery values. Incremental increases in FeO2 caused a linear decrease in group mean arteriolar diameter (R2 = 1, p = 0.002), group mean blood velocity (R2 = 0.9968, p = 0.04), and group mean blood flow (R2 = 0.9982, p= 0.03). Conclusion Isocapnic hyperoxia elicits vasoconstriction and the reduction of retinal arteriolar diameter, velocity and blood flow in a dose‐dependent manner over the range of FeO2 explored in this study. Commercial interest
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".