Selection, Operation, and Evaluation of High Temperature Oil in Water Monitor for Two-Phase Extra Heavy Oil (Bitumen) Test Separator Service at Peace River
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Since 1986, Shell Canada has been using two-phase separators for well test application in bitumen production service. As bitumen (8 to 10 API) at Peace River has a density similar to that of produced water, depending on operating temperature, the use of three-phase test separators is not practical. In bitumen service, a three-phase separator requires either heating or cooling plus diluent to reduce the bitumen density so that classical gravity separation can be achieved. With a two-phase system, a means is required to determine the amount of oil in the produced emulsion. This is often achieved by either obtaining a representative fluid sample from the separator and determining the water cut in the lab, or by an online instrument. The two-phase well test system operates at temperatures ranging from 80 to 200 °C at an operating pressure of 1500 kPa. The water cuts from the wells range from 10 to 90 percent with an average of 40 percent. Agar's OW-201 water-cut monitors, in conjunction with Coriolis mass flow meters, were selected for test separator systems at Peace River. This paper describes the field tests performed to verify the Agar OW-201 meter operation for Peace River service, Shell's operating experience to date and the performance achieved during one year of operation.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it