A View of Leisure and Patterns of Family Life in the Late 1990s
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This study investigated the place of leisure and role responsibilities of working parents in the establishment period of the family life cycle in the late 1990s. One focus of this study was to see how much had changed in the patterns of family life and leisure as documented in the studies of the mid 1980s and early 1990s compared with today. Personal interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of sixteen working mothers and fathers. A constant comparison, grounded theory approach was used throughout the interviews and data analysis. Three themes related to leisure in the lives of working parents emerged from the data: (i) freedom of choice as a central condition of leisure; (ii) conflicts between work, leisure, and family; and (iii) resisting and negotiating the superwoman and typical male ideal. The themes were interpreted within a feminist post-structuralist perspective drawing upon a Foucauldian power analysis. Résumé Cette étude porte sur la place du loisir et le rôle des parents occupant un emploi dans l'organisation du cycle de vie familiale à la fin des années 1990. Cherchant à établir une comparaison avec la situation actuelle, et se fondant sur les études menées au milieu des années 1980 et au début des années 1990, l'étude vise, entre autres, à tracer l'évolution des modèles de vie familiale et de loisir. Sélectionnés à dessein, 16 pères et mères occupant un emploi, furent l'objet d'entrevues individuelles. Les entrevues ainsi que l'analyse des données s'appuyaient sur une approche théorique fondée sur une comparaison constante. Il en ressort trois thèmes liés au loisir dans la vie des parents occupant un emploi: (i) la liberté de choix comme condition essentielle au loisir, (ii) des conflits entre le travail, le loisir et la famille, (iii) la remise en question de l'image de la « superwoman » et du mâle typique. Ces thèmes sont interprétés dans une perspective féministe poststructuraliste s'appuyant sur une analyse Foucaldienne. Resumen Este estudio trata del ocio y del papel de los padres que ocupan un empleo en la organización del ciclo de vida familiar al final de los años 1990. Tratando de establecer una comparación con la situación actual, y fundándose en los estudios realizados a mediados de los años 1980 y al principio de los años 1990, el estudio tiene como objeto, entre otros, trazar la evolución de los modelos de vida familiar y de ocio. Seleccionados a propósito, 16 padres y madres ocupando un empleo, fueron el objeto de entrevistas individuales. Las entrevistas así como el análisis de datos se apoyaban sobre un enfoque teórico fundado en una comparación constante. Resultan tres temas ligados al ocio en la vida de los padres que ocupan un empleo: (i) la libertad de elección como condición esencial al ocio, (ii) los conflictos entre el trabajo, el ocio y la familia, (iii) la puesta en duda de la imagen de la "super mujer" y del macho típico. Estos temas son interpretados en una perspectiva feminista post estructuralista apoyándose en un análisis Foucaultdiano.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".