A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase PTP-1B Is Associated with Protection from Diabetes or Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Oji-Cree
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Several lines of evidence support a role for protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B) in metabolism, and specifically in insulin sensitivity and obesity. We report the development of reagents for the amplification and sequencing of the PTP-1B gene, which has resulted in the identification of a novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), designated 981C-->T. We found a significant association between this SNP and the risk of either impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or type 2 diabetes in the Oji-Cree of Sandy Lake, Ontario, Canada. Six hundred and fifty-three subjects were genotyped using PCR amplification of exon 8, followed by digestion with the restriction enzyme AvaI. Sixty-eight subjects were heterozygotes, and none was a homozygote. Thus, the overall frequencies of the C allele and the T allele were 0.948 and 0.052, respectively. Subjects with the PTP-1B 981T/981C genotype were approximately 40% less likely to have IGT or diabetes as subjects with the 981C/981C genotype (P = 0.040). There was no difference in quantitative traits among subjects grouped according to the PTP-1B 981C-->T SNP genotype. These very preliminary findings suggest that genomic variation in PTP-1B is associated with a reduced risk of diabetes and are consistent with the idea that this protein is important in metabolism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".