SKAP55 Recruits to Lipid Rafts and Positively Mediates the MAPK Pathway upon T Cell Receptor Activation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) engagement triggers a series of events including protein tyrosine kinase activation, tyrosine phosphorylation of adapter proteins, and multiple protein-protein interactions. We observed that adapter protein SKAP55, the Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein, formed homodimers through its SH3 domain and SK region. SKAP55 as a substrate interacted with Fyn kinase in vivo. In Jurkat cells, interaction between SKAP55 and Fyn kinase depended on TCR activation. Stable overexpression of SKAP55 in Jurkat cells caused mitogen-activated protein kinase activation following TCR engagement. Anti-CD3 stimulation also promoted the interaction of SKAP55 with Grb-2 in T cells. Mutational analysis revealed that tyrosine 271 in SKAP55 played a pivotal role for interaction with both Fyn kinase and adapter protein Grb-2, indicating that the Fyn-phosphorylated SKAP55 transiently associates with adapter Grb-2 to mediate mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. Intriguingly, T cell receptor engagement dramatically induced the translocation of endogenous SKAP55 to lipid rafts where SKAP55 was found to interact with Fyn kinase, suggesting that the positive function of SKAP55 via its association with Fyn and other signaling components may have been involved in raft-mediated T cell activation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".