Approximate three-dimensional analysis of rectangular barrette–soil–cap interaction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rectangular barrettes are increasingly being used to support large-size and heavy-duty structures, but the interaction among barrettes, soil, and cap has rarely been studied theoretically. This paper presents an approximate three-dimensional semi-analytical method for the analysis of load–displacement behaviour of single barrettes, barrette groups, and barrette–soil–cap interaction systems. A unique feature of a barrette, which distinguishes it from a circular pile, is its nonaxisymmetrical mechanical behaviour. To take into account this feature, both the barrette–soil and the cap–soil interfaces are discretized. Mindlin's solution is adopted to define the load–displacement relationship of the soils next to the barrette and the cap. By assuming the deformation compatibility at the barrette–soil and cap–soil interfaces, the load–displacement relationship of the soils is incorporated into the static force equilibrium conditions in the interior of the barrette and cap structures. In this way, governing equations in finite difference form are derived for obtaining the load–displacement response of the barrette–soil–cap system. The proposed method is verified by comparing the calculated results for a group of square piles using other existing methods. In addition, some factors such as barrette shape, barrette spacing, and barrette group layout and finite-layer depth, which influence the response of the barrette–soil–cap system, are investigated.Key words: elasticity, foundations, numerical modelling, piles, theoretical analysis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".