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Record W2070415196 · doi:10.1177/0096144208321875

Encountering and Overcoming Small-City Problems

2008· article· en· W2070415196 on OpenAlex
Kent Buse

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of Urban History · 2008
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicEuropean history and politics
Canadian institutionsLaurentian University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsEliteFeudalismPoliticsPort (circuit theory)DemocracyPopulationPosition (finance)AutonomyEconomyPolitical economyPolitical scienceSociologyLawEconomicsEngineering

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

During the nineteenth century, Bremen enhanced its economic viability through a series of engineering feats, but struggled with the social problems brought on by urban growth. The most notable technical challenge was maintaining access to the North Sea and Atlantic via the silt-prone Weser River. Through the purchase of land for an outport (Bremerhaven) and a series of dredging operations headed by Ludwig Franzius, Bremen was able to preserve its position as a viable northern European port. But as the city's population grew, it proved less capable in dealing with the social and political challenges associated with urban growth. Its quasi-feudal political structure, which insulated elites from democratic pressures, made it difficult for the city to address housing and other social issues. Demands from the Social Democratic Party and other reformers ultimately undermined the city's elite and contributed to the city's loss of autonomy during the twentieth century.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.637
Threshold uncertainty score0.265

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.076
GPT teacher head0.248
Teacher spread0.172 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it