Synthesis of dye‐labeled poly(vinyl acetate‐<i>co</i>‐ethylene) (EVA) latex and polymer diffusion in their latex films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We describe the synthesis of dye‐labeled poly(vinyl acetate‐co‐ethylene) (EVA) latexes with the purpose of understanding the polymer diffusion behavior in their latex films. Polymer diffusion was followed with experiments based upon fluorescence resonance energy transfer (ET). Both the batch and semibatch emulsion polymerizations of vinyl acetate−ethylene (VAc−E) were examined. The ethylene content of these EVA samples was designed at ˜20 wt % (50 mol %). Under batch emulsion polymerization conditions, the reaction is characterized by a rapid monomer conversion and an increment of E content with reaction time. VAc−E batch emulsion polymerization in the presence of the donor dye 9‐phenanthryl methyl methacrylate produced EVA with non‐random dye distribution, which makes these samples unsuitable for ET experiments. The semibatch emulsion polymerization of VAc−E was carried out under VAc–starved feeding conditions. The resulting EVA was characterized by constant chemical composition throughout the feed. In addition, our data suggest the presence of two components, distinct in molar mass and degree of branching, in these EVA samples. More importantly, these VAc−E polymerizations in the presence of dyes [9‐phenanthryl methyl acrylate as the donor and 2′‐acryloxy‐4′‐methyl‐4‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)‐benzophenone as the acceptor] produced EVA with random dye incorporation, making these samples effective for ET experiments. Unlike the typical polymer diffusion behavior in latex films, characterized by small extents of polymer diffusion in newly dried latex followed by an increase of the extent of diffusion upon annealing, our ET experiments showed that polymer diffusion in these EVA latex films was complete by the time the films were dry. We attribute this striking difference to the low glass transition temperature (Tg) of the EVA and to its low effective monomeric friction coefficient at the drying temperature. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 5581‐5596, 2005
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".