Relationship Between the Bone Formation Rate and Functional Status in Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and functional status in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). Patients and methods: Seventy patients (57 females, 13 males; mean age 57.5±9.3 years; range 48 to 67 years) diagnosed with knee OA based on the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (mean age 56.4±7.5 years) were enrolled in the study. Patients were evaluated using clinical, laboratory and radiographic methods. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and 24-hour urinary calcium and phosphorus levels were tested to assess bone metabolism. The Lequesne index was used for the severity of disease and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was used for the functional status. Results: The mean bone-specific alkaline phosphatase value was 13.69±4.76 mg/dl in the patient group. No statistically significant difference was found between the patient group and the control group in terms of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase values (p=0.584). The bone formation rate was high in 28.5% of the patients. A significantly positive correlation was found between the bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and the WOMAC stiffness scores (p=0.07, r=0.340). No significant correlation was found between the bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and the pain, physical function, and the total scores of the WOMAC and Lequesne index (p=0.590, r=0.090, p=0.489, r=0.107, p=0.413, r=0.139, p=0.285, r=0.70 respectively). Conclusion: In this study, an increase was shown in the bone formation rate in approximately 1/4 of the patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. A significant positive correlation was found between bone formation rate and knee stiffness. However, no relationship was observed between the bone formation rate and pain, physical function, when they were compared with severity of the disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".